Pillowcases:
how to choose the right size
for every type of pillow
50×80 or 50×70? With a zipper, envelope, or buttons? And when the pillow is European or American, what changes? The complete answer: size chart, fitting formula, comparison of closure types, and material guide—all on one page.
| Pillowcase Type | Pillow Size | Pillowcase Size | Typical Use | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Rectangular IT | 50×80 cm | 50×80 cm | Bed pillow — the most common in Italy | See pillowcases → |
| Short Standard Rectangular IT | 50×70 cm | 50×70 cm | Bed pillow — economical sets and local production | See pillowcases → |
| Euro Sham Square EU | 65×65 cm | 65×65 cm | Decorative pillow — Northern European standard and design | See pillowcases → |
| Large Euro Sham EU | 80×80 cm | 80×80 cm | Large decorative pillow — king or EU king beds | See pillowcases → |
| Standard USA US | 51×66 cm | 51×66 cm | Standard American pillows — shorter than IT 50×80 | See pillowcases → |
| Queen Size US | 50×76 cm | 50×76 cm | American queen pillow — similar to IT but 4 cm shorter | See pillowcases → |
| King Size US | 50×92 cm | 50×92 cm | American king pillow — longer than IT 50×80 | See pillowcases → |
| Body pillow USEU | 50×150 cm | 50×150 cm | Long pregnancy / postural pillow | See pillowcases → |
Pillow types and their sizes: a complete overview
There isn't just one pillow size — and consequently, there isn't just one pillowcase size. Before choosing the right pillowcase, it's helpful to understand which category your pillow falls into, because each category has different and often non-interchangeable sizes.
Rectangular Bed Pillow
50×80 cm or 50×70 cm
The standard sleeping pillow in Italy. Rectangular, designed to be positioned with the long side horizontal. Pillowcase 50×80 cm or 50×70 cm depending on the manufacturer.
EU Square Decorative Pillow
65×65 cm or 80×80 cm
The large square pillow typical of Northern European and contemporary decor. Placed vertically against the headboard. Euro sham pillowcase 65×65 cm (standard) or 80×80 cm (large).
Small Decorative Pillow
40×40 — 45×45 cm
Decorative pillow for sofa or headboard. Pillowcases 40×40 or 45×45 cm, often with a zipper. Not a sleeping pillow — do not confuse the sizes.
American Standard Pillow
51×66 / 50×76 / 50×92 cm
Three USA sizes: Standard (51×66 cm), Queen (50×76 cm), and King (50×92 cm). Shorter than the Italian 50×80 in the first two; longer in the King. Pillowcases are not interchangeable with Italian ones.
Body pillow / Pregnancy pillow
50×150 cm or 40×140 cm
Long postural pillow, used during pregnancy or for lateral support. Dedicated pillowcase in the corresponding size — often with a zipper for easy washing.
Neck roll / Bolster pillow
Variable — always measure
Cylindrical or specially shaped pillows (bolsters) for cervical support. They do not have standard sizes — each manufacturer has its own. The pillowcase must be custom-ordered or adapted.
Italian standard sizes: 50×80 and 50×70 compared
In Italy, two standard sizes for rectangular bed pillows coexist — 50×80 cm and 50×70 cm — and the confusion between the two is more frequent than expected, because many sets are simply sold as "standard size" without specifying which of the two.
50×80 cm — the dominant size in modern sets
The 50×80 cm size is the current Italian standard: it is found in the vast majority of bed pillows purchased in the last fifteen years, in most mid-range and high-end sheet sets, and in all Looniva sets. The 80 cm length ensures that the pillow does not slip at night and offers adequate support for side sleepers.
50×70 cm — the traditional size in progressive decline
The 50×70 cm size is the historical Italian tradition — still present in many economical sets and local production. The 10 cm shorter length makes it slightly less comfortable for those who sleep with the pillow at their side, but for those who predominantly sleep on their back, the difference is noticeable but not decisive. The main problem is compatibility: a 50×80 pillowcase on a 50×70 pillow is too large — the pillow will float without shape. The correspondence must be precise.
If you don't have a tape measure handy: 50×80 cm pillows look clearly rectangular and elongated; 50×70 cm ones look almost square when viewed upright. If in doubt, measure — 30 seconds with a tape measure avoids buying the wrong size pillowcases.
65×65 cm pillows (square Euro sham) are easily recognizable because they are perfectly square and significantly larger. They should not be confused with sleeping pillows: they are primarily decorative, although in Northern Europe they are also commonly used for sleeping.
Complete table: every pillowcase size for every pillow
The following table compiles the correct pillowcase sizes for each type of pillow — from standard Italian sizes to the most common international ones. The sizes indicated for the pillowcase correspond to the pillow's dimension — the fitting formula (slightly smaller pillowcase for optimal tension) is discussed in the next section.
| Pillow / Pillowcase Type | Pillow Dim. | Pillowcase Size | Recommended Closure | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bed Pillows — Italian Standards | ||||
| Standard Rectangular IT | 50×80 cm | 50×80 cm | Envelope or zipper | Most common in Italy — modern sets |
| Short Standard IT | 50×70 cm | 50×70 cm | Envelope or zipper | Traditional and economical sets — declining |
| Jumbo / Maxi Rectangular | 50×90 cm | 50×90 cm | Long envelope | Present in some premium sets — less common |
| Decorative Pillows — European Standards (Euro Sham) | ||||
| Standard Euro Sham EU | 65×65 cm | 65×65 cm | Zipper or envelope | Dominant in Germany, Austria, Switzerland — growing in IT |
| Large Euro Sham EU | 80×80 cm | 80×80 cm | Zipper | King and EU king beds — back pillow |
| Small Decorative Pillow | 40×40 — 45×45 cm | 40×40 / 45×45 cm | Hidden zipper | Mainly decorative — sofa and headboard |
| American Pillows — Standard, Queen, King USA | ||||
| Standard USA US | 51×66 cm | 51×66 cm | Envelope | 14 cm shorter than IT 50×80 — not compatible |
| Queen USA US | 50×76 cm | 50×76 cm | Envelope | Similar to IT but 4 cm shorter — almost compatible |
| King USA US | 50×92 cm | 50×92 cm | Long envelope | 12 cm longer than IT 50×80 — specific pillowcase |
| Special Pillows — body pillow, nursing, postural | ||||
| Standard Body Pillow | 50×150 cm | 50×150 cm | Side zipper | Pregnancy, night side support |
| Long Body Pillow | 40×140 cm | 40×140 cm | Side zipper | Narrower variation — some postural models |
The measurements indicated in the tables refer to the internal dimension of the pillowcase (corresponding to the pillow it is designed for). The external dimension of the fabric is slightly larger due to seams. Actual measurements may vary by ±2 cm between different manufacturers — always check the specific product's technical data sheet.
How to measure your pillow and choose the right pillowcase
Choosing a pillowcase "of the same size" as the pillow is the starting point—but it's not the whole story. The tension of the pillowcase on the pillow determines whether the pillow will have a full, solid shape or if it will appear deflated and unstructured. The precise fitting formula addresses this aspect.
Measure width and length
Lay the pillow flat and uncompressed. Measure the width (the short side — usually 50 cm) and the length (the long side — 70, 80, or 92 cm). Write down both measurements.
Ex. 50 cm × 80 cm
Check the pillow's loft
Down or microfiber pillows are very lofty — a pillowcase the same size as the pillow might be tight. Memory foam or latex pillows maintain their shape, and a pillowcase of the same size is perfect.
Lofty down → same size or +2 cm pillowcase
Apply the fitting formula
For a full, solid shape: a pillowcase the same size as the pillow or 2 cm smaller creates optimal tension. A pillowcase 4+ cm larger than the pillow loses its shape, and the pillow "floats" without structure.
Optimal pillowcase = pillow (−0/+2 cm max per side)
Check the depth of the envelope closure
If the pillowcase has an envelope closure, the flap must be at least 15-20 cm to keep the pillow in place. Flaps that are too short allow the pillow to come out at night.
Minimum flap: 15 cm — 20 cm recommended
"A pillowcase that is too large is worse than one that is too small. A pillow without tension loses its shape in minutes—and the quality of the material becomes irrelevant."
Looniva Editorial · Buying GuideClosure Types: Envelope, Zipper, or Buttons?
The type of pillowcase closure directly impacts the bed's aesthetic, daily convenience, and durability. No closure is universally superior—it depends on the user's habits and priorities.
Envelope Closure
(envelope closure)
No zipper or buttons — zero chance of mechanical failure
Clean, minimalist aesthetic — the bed appears tidy
Easy to insert and remove the pillow
No rigid elements pressing against the skin at night
The fabric flap creates an additional natural layer
Ideal choice for everyday bedding — maximum practicality, maximum durability. Looniva bamboo pillowcases use this closure.
Zipper Closure
(zip closure)
Complete closure — no risk of the pillow slipping out
Suitable for decorative pillows that are not often removed
Useful for body pillows and large, bulky pillows
The pillow always maintains a precise shape
Easier to remove in one swift motion for washing
Limitation: the slider can wear out over time (especially in the washing machine); metal or plastic can press against the skin if the zipper is not completely concealed. Ideal for decorative use, less for daily nightly use.
Button Closure
(button closure)
Elegant and artisanal aesthetic — tailored effect
No metal zipper — gentler on the fabric
Very common in linen and percale cotton pillowcases
Recognizable visual style — iconic of the "Nordic" bed
Limitation: buttons can loosen over time; for those who sleep on their back, they might be felt due to nocturnal pressure sensitivity. Excellent aesthetic choice — less practical for intensive use.
The right size pillowcase — with the most practical closure.
Looniva 100% bamboo pillowcases have an envelope closure with a 20 cm flap, measure 50×80 cm, and pockets designed for standard Italian pillows. OEKO-TEX certified bamboo with a verifiable number.
International Sizes: USA, UK, Nordic Europe
If you have pillows bought abroad, received as gifts from someone living outside Italy, or purchased on international e-commerce sites, the measurements may differ significantly from Italian standards — and Italian pillowcases will not work correctly.
USA — three different sizes with specific names
The American system has three standardized sizes: Standard (51×66 cm), Queen (50×76 cm), and King (50×92 cm). The USA Queen (50×76 cm) is the closest to the Italian 50×80 — only 4 cm shorter in length. An Italian 50×80 pillowcase on a USA Queen pillow works with an acceptable slight excess of fabric. The USA Standard (66 cm) is incompatible with Italian 50×80 pillowcases — a 14 cm difference creates a pillowcase that is much too long and shapeless. The USA King (92 cm) is 12 cm longer than the Italian 50×80 — requiring specific pillowcases.
Nordic Europe — the square 65×65 format
In Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Scandinavia, the standard bed pillow is a square 65×65 cm — very different from the rectangular Italian 50×80. This format is now also common in Italy in contemporary design beds: the large square pillow placed against the headboard is an increasingly common aesthetic. 65×65 pillowcases are not compatible with 50×80 pillows — they require specific euro sham pillowcases.
UK — system analogous to Italian
The British system for pillowcases is very similar to the Italian: the standard UK size is 50×75 cm (a few centimeters different from the Italian 50×80) and the "housewife pillowcase" (classic pillowcase with envelope) is identical in concept to the Italian pillowcase. Compatibility with Italian products is good with minor approximation.
For any pillow purchased abroad or received as a gift: physically measure it with a tape measure (width × length). Do not rely on the size name — Standard, Queen, King have different meanings in Italy, USA, and UK. The physical pillow's measurement in cm is the only reliable information for choosing the right pillowcase.
The 4 most common mistakes — and how to avoid them
Four real situations — with a direct solution for each.
Buying a pillowcase "of the same size" without measuring the physical pillow
The term "standard" in Italy covers both 50×80 and 50×70. Measure the pillow physically before buying pillowcases — even if you think you know the size. The 10 cm difference results in a pillowcase that is too large and loses its shape every night.
Buying pillowcases much larger than the pillow because "it fits better"
The logic seems correct — a larger pillowcase is easier to slip on. But a pillowcase 4+ cm larger than the pillow loses tension, wrinkles, and the pillow loses shape in minutes. The perfect pillowcase is the same size as the pillow or at most 2 cm smaller per side — not larger.
Using 50×80 pillowcases on USA Standard (51×66) or Queen (50×76) pillows
American pillows and Italian pillowcases are not interchangeable except in specific cases. A 50×80 pillowcase on a USA Standard (66 cm) pillow leaves 14 cm of empty fabric which creates a puffy and irregular effect. Measure the pillow physically — especially if purchased online from international sites.
Not checking the flap depth in an envelope closure
Pillowcases with envelope closures hold the pillow in place with an internal fabric flap that overlaps. A short flap (less than 12-15 cm) won't retain the pillow during nightly movements — the pillow comes out of the pillowcase during the night. Check that the flap is at least 15 cm, ideally 18-20 cm, before purchasing envelope pillowcases.
Material Matters: Pillowcase Guide by Usage Profile
The pillowcase is the textile surface most in contact with the skin during sleep — your cheek remains in contact for 6-8 hours every night. The material has a direct effect on sleep quality, skin and hair health, and nocturnal body temperature management.
There is no universally best material for pillowcases: the choice depends on how you sleep, skin sensitivity, and any specific needs. This profile guide helps you quickly navigate the options.
Sleeps hot, sweaty head and neck
Priority: thermoregulation, moisture dispersion, cool-to-the-touch surface
100% OEKO-TEX Bamboo — active thermoregulation keeps the pillowcase surface cooler than cotton; rapid moisture dispersion reduces the sensation of humid heat at night
Acne-prone or oily facial skin
Priority: low bacterial load on the surface, sebum and moisture dispersion, no abrasion
100% OEKO-TEX Bamboo — the antibacterial Kun agent reduces bacterial proliferation on the pillowcase surface; the round fiber cross-section prevents mechanical friction on facial skin. Wash every 2-3 days for active acne
Fragile or treated hair, anti-frizz
Priority: minimal friction between hair and fabric, slippery surface
100% Bamboo or silk — both fibers have low surface friction which reduces frizz and hair breakage during sleep. Bamboo offers a good quality/price compromise compared to silk
Dermatitis, eczema, sensitive facial skin
Priority: no mechanical abrasion, absence of chemical residues, antibacterial properties
100% OEKO-TEX Class II Bamboo — round fiber cross-section eliminates micro-abrasions; Kun agent inhibits Staphylococcus aureus (present in 90% of active dermatitis cases); OEKO-TEX guarantees absence of chemical residues
Documented dust mite allergy
Priority: microclimate unfavorable to mites, frequent washing tolerated
100% Bamboo + dust mite-proof pillow protector — bamboo reduces the microclimate favorable to mites; the physical barrier blocks exposure to allergens in the pillow. The bamboo pillowcase can be washed frequently without rapidly deteriorating
Maximum durability with minimal care
Priority: longevity, resistance to frequent washing, tolerance to high temperatures
Egyptian long-staple percale cotton — the most durable pillowcase, tolerates washing up to 60°C, requires no special care. Improves with each wash, becoming softer over time
Children and infants
Priority: OEKO-TEX Class I chemical safety, non-abrasive fiber cross-section, frequent washing
100% OEKO-TEX Class I Bamboo — the strictest certification for products in contact with children up to 3 years old. Children's facial skin is thinner and more permeable than adults' — the pillowcase material matters more than for parents
For the complete guide on the properties of bamboo bedding — not just the pillowcase, but the full set — the article bamboo bedding: the complete guide is the comprehensive reference. To understand how bamboo performs in the long term with frequent washing — relevant for pillowcases washed every 2-3 days — read how long bamboo sheets last with frequent washing.
The right material for the surface closest to your skin.
Pillowcases in 100% OEKO-TEX Standard 100 bamboo viscose — verifiable number on my.oeko-tex.com. Size 50×80 cm, envelope closure with 20 cm flap. Included in Looniva sheet sets.
Conclusion
Choosing the right pillowcase requires three sequential decisions: the correct size (equal to the physical pillow, at most 2 cm smaller for good tension), the type of closure based on use (envelope for daily bedding, zipper for decorative), and the material based on your sleeping profile and skin needs.
In Italy, the most common size remains 50×80 cm for bed pillows — but with the increasing spread of European-style beds with 65×65 cm square decorative pillows, it is increasingly important to measure your pillow before purchasing. 50×80 and 65×65 pillowcases are not interchangeable.
If you are choosing your next bedding set — sheets and pillowcases together — the guide on double bed sheet sizes is the natural complement to this guide.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the standard pillowcase sizes in Italy?
The two most common standard sizes in Italy are 50×80 cm (dominant in modern sets) and 50×70 cm (traditional, progressively declining in economic sets). For European square decorative pillows, the sizes are 65×65 cm and 80×80 cm. The two rectangular Italian sizes are not interchangeable — a 50×80 pillowcase on a 50×70 pillow is too large and loses its shape.
How do you measure a pillow to choose the right pillowcase?
Lay the pillow flat and uncompressed and measure width × length. The ideal pillowcase is the same size as the pillow or at most 2 cm smaller on each side to create optimal tension and a full shape. A pillowcase 4+ cm larger than the pillow loses its shape and the pillow appears unstructured. For envelope closures, check that the internal flap is at least 15 cm — ideally 18-20 cm.
What is the difference between Italian and European pillowcases?
Standard Italian pillowcases are rectangular: 50×80 cm or 50×70 cm. European pillowcases (Euro Sham) are square: 65×65 cm (Northern European standard) or 80×80 cm (large). They are not interchangeable — the 65×65 format requires specific square pillows very different from Italian rectangular bed pillows. The 65×65 is increasingly common in Italy for contemporary decor.
What is the difference between an envelope, zipper, or button closure pillowcase?
Envelope closure: overlapping fabric flap, no mechanical parts to break, clean aesthetic, most practical for daily use. Zipper: tight closure, ideal for decorative pillows that are not removed often, but the slider can deteriorate over time. Buttons: aesthetically elegant, common in linen pillowcases, but buttons can loosen and press on the skin at night. For daily bedding, the envelope closure is the most practical and durable choice.
Are American pillowcase sizes different from Italian ones?
Yes. Standard USA pillowcases (51×66 cm) are 14 cm shorter than Italian 50×80 — not compatible. Queen USA pillowcases (50×76 cm) are only 4 cm shorter — almost compatible with a small approximation. King USA pillowcases (50×92 cm) are 12 cm longer than Italian ones. For pillows purchased from American websites, measure the physical pillow before buying Italian pillowcases.
Does the pillowcase material affect sleep quality and skin?
Yes, measurably. The pillowcase is the textile surface most in contact with the skin during sleep — the cheek stays there for 6-8 hours. 100% bamboo keeps the surface cooler (active thermoregulation), quickly dissipates moisture, has antibacterial properties (useful for those with acne or oily skin), and the round fiber section reduces friction on fragile skin and hair. For children and sensitive skin, OEKO-TEX certification of the pillowcase material is particularly relevant.
The right size.
The material that makes a difference
every night.
100% bamboo viscose pillowcases — 50×80 cm, envelope closure with 20 cm flap. Included in Looniva sets with fitted and flat sheets. OEKO-TEX Standard 100 with verifiable number on my.oeko-tex.com.